Combustion apparatus



Filed May '17, 1955 I INVENTO/Q M's/vet. Eu/wy maid Y A T702 NE Y5 Patented Apr. 12, 1938 UNITED STATE 12,112,831 COMBUSTION APPARATUS Henri Dupuy, Paris, France Application May 17, 1935, Serial No. 21,922

- In Belgium June 15, 1934 2 Claims.

1 I This invention hasfor its object 'a process of combustion which is characterized by the utili- Zationof the effects of gravity for automatically feeding a furnace by means of a thin layer of fuel and also by the relative displacement of the ignition zone with respect to the mass of burnt'products. This makes it possible to have very long intervals of time beeween each removal of said mass of burnt products.

According to a first form of operation, the present process consists in causing the ignited zone to move gradually upwardly to the top of the furnace so as to leave the mass of clinker stationary.

The apparatus which is employed in this first form of operation is characterized by a fuel discharge inclined surface provided with a pluralityof air inlet openings which open successively from the bottom 'up'wardly, the admission of air through the lower openings being interrupted when the coal in front of them has been com pletely replaced by the clinker.

This invention has also for its object a modified form of operation characterized by a solid inclined surface upon which oneor more movable air blast nozzles move upwardly in the midst of the coal.

In another form of operation the combustion process according to the present invention consists in making the ignited zone stationary and moving away the block of ashes and clinker pro gressively downwardly. I

,With this object in view according to a preferred form of operation, the apparatus comprises a stationary air inlet nozzle at the upper end of the inclined surface and a check shield for the ashesand clinker which is movable upon I said surface.

The driving means whichoperate the opening and closing of the nozzle or primary inlet slots and the displacement of the nozzle or the dis placement of the check shield for the clinker is sectional diagrammatical views which show by way of examples two forms of operation of a advantageously operated automatically by the intermediary of devices provided with a photoelectric cell or a thermostat and the like as. hereinafter will be described byway of example.

The invention allows also in every case the use combustion. apparatus for the execution of the process according to the present invention.

The apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 comprises a hopper T containing the fuel which may fall from a regulatable slide S upon the inclined plane A, which is provided with five blast slots for example O --O which are fed by one and the same air box V.

At the beginning the slot 0 only is open and the ignition takes place at the lower part of the apparatus.

In order to cause the gasification of the'combustible and the production of solid clinker the which settles under the action of the coal stream which is fed by gravity from the hopper T. The clinker remaining stationary this first zone then becomes inoperative, the opening 0 closes and the opening 0 opens in the manner hereinafter indicated. The fire will consequently be in front of 0 The fuel will continue to feed the fire in front of 0 until 0 opens, the zone 0 becoming inoperative and so on until the fire which is now at O is still fed from the hopper and the lower part of the inclined surface is covered over with clinker.

At that moment the cake of clinker may be taken out after opening the door P and taking out the bar B care being taken to close the slide S. The fire will be kept up in front of 0 when putting back the bar B; then the door P is closed and the slide S is opened so that the coal will then cover the inclined plane; 0 will again be opened, 0 will be closed and the operation begins again.

In that case the apparatus is therefore com pletely self-acting for a period of 20 days.

The primary air may be brought to the nozzle by means of pivoted arms and corresponding joints.

Fig. 2 of the appended drawing illustrates a modified form of construction of the apparatus in which V is the air box along the upper edge of which may be placed a water circulation tube t designed to prevent corrosion and deterioration by the clinker. The shield B which is supported by means of a bar passing through the door P may move back progressively when the incombustible mass of ashes and clinker M tends to obstruct the admission of air. The operation will proceed until the shield B reaches the door P. At that moment the door having been opened the clinker mass will be removed and the shield moved upwardly preparatory for a new operation.

The self acting regulating means already mentioned with respect to the valves and the air nozzles may be employed for controlling the downward movement of the shield. In this case also it is preferred to use primary air which has already been heated in the combustion apparatus itself if the use of cold air is not sufiicient.

On the other hand and in every case the inclined surface A can be cooled by air or by Water.

1-] in Fig. 2 is a refrigerating water box. Said surface could also be made of refractory materials and the whole apparatus may advantageously be covered with nonconducting material.

It will easily be seen that the apparatus accord ing to the present invention is capable of doing good service when used in combination with central heating furnaces in buildings of a certain importance as it facilitates the service and the stoking of the fire and allows of dispensing with constant personal attendance.

The above described process in which the spent products are removed from the combustion zone by moving back their support may be applied to all systems of gas producers, with the result of considerably increasing their life without requiring any cleaning and interruption of service; a thermostat may be used for controlling the admission of air according to the required working.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A combustion device for solid fuel furnaces which comprises an inclined combustion surface, a coal hopper placed above said surface and containing the solid fuel, means for precipitating a layer of fuel by gravity from the hopper upon said inclined surface, a stationary air nozzle opening in the midst of the fuel at the top of the inclined surface in order to insure combustion, a plate movable relatively to the inclined surface, and means whereby said plate may be moved progressively downwardly relatively to the inclined surface with the ashes and clinker produced by the combustion and as the combustion proceeds.

2. A combustion device for solid fuel furnaces comprising an inclined combustion surface, a coal hopper placed above said surface and containing the solid fuel, means for precipitating a layer of fuel by gravity from the hopper upon said inclined surface, stationary air nozzles blowing air in the midst of the fuel at the top of the inclined surface; a plate movable relatively to said inclined surface, and means whereby said plate may be moved progressively downwardly relatively to the inclined surface with the mass of ashes and clinker produced by the combustion and as the combustion proceeds.

HENRI DUPUY. 

